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A comprehensive definition of horses, their types, and their origins.
The horse is known by the scientific name Equus ferus caballus, as it belongs to the genus of horses from which there are many subspecies. It follows the family of equids that consist of one sex and fall under the lexical order of the fingers, subordinate to the class of mammals located under the division of chordates, which belong to the kingdom of animals. The term horse is given to the horse’s male, while the mare is the one from the horse, while the female is called the stone because the male does not share it with her. As for the dowry, it is the first to be produced from horses, national donkeys, etc., and it is noteworthy that the Asian nomads had used it. Horses have been for various purposes for four thousand years, and despite the invention of locomotives and engines, they have not lost their cultural status among peoples.
Horse speed
The average speed at which a horse runs is about 48.2 kilometers per hour, but its top speed can reach much higher. According to the 2008 Guinness Book of Records, the horse was able to travel 70.76 kilometers per hour and was awarded the title of fastest horse In the world; it is the quickest horse in the world, and its best characteristics in horse racing, known as racehorses such as purebred horses, and has many features that enable them to dash, and here are some of these advantages:
Neck: Racing horses have a long neck that moves in harmony with the front foot, helping to propel the horse forward. Hind legs: The horse’s hind legs bend and then upright in an almost vertical line, creating an effect similar to a spring that propels the horse forward.
Respiratory efficiency: A racing horse can get its oxygen needs while running thanks to the heart’s ability to circulate 284 liters of blood in one minute, in addition to the spleen’s ability to supply blood during the run with more red blood cells so that the rate is 65% instead of 35%.
Types of horse gait
A horse can perform several types of movements, as follows:
Normal walking: It is a side gait characterized by four hoof strokes. It takes three feet to touch the ground at one time so that the fourth foot is in the air, so the horse raises its first hind feet. Then the front foot from the same side, then the second back foot, then the front foot from the same side.
Sprint: It is a three-stroke hoof gait, in which the front foot touches the ground and the opposite back foot simultaneously, while the remaining feet feel the land separately.
Sprint, which is the fastest horse gait and is similar to the sprint, except that the back foot touches the ground shortly before the opposite front foot touches, and it is the fastest and best horse in the world.
Horse breeds
A comprehensive definition of horses, their types, and origins
All horses in the world belong to the animal kingdom and are from the mammalian class; horse breeds, which now number more than 300, all belong to the same species.
The main types of horses
All horse breeds in the world belong to one of the main types of horses, which are as follows:
Light Horses: They are horses with a back height of 1.4 meters or more, and their weight ranges from 408 to 680 kilograms. Light horses share many advantages; Their energy, speed, and endurance; these horses are usually bred for horseback riding. Examples include the Friesian, Basso Vino, and Luciano.
Heavy horses: They are rare and endangered horses, most of them reach a height of more than 162.6 cm, and some can reach a height of 193 cm. They were used in agricultural work and pulling heavy loads before arrival. Of the modern machines, and among the most famous breeds to which the English Shire horses belong, they are the enormous horses in the world, Suffolk horses, Clydesdale horses, Percheron horses, and the Belgian horse, heavy horses have a calm temperament, so they are also known as cold-blooded horses.
Horses with particular gait: They are horses that are similar to light horses because they are bred for riding, except that they are specially trained to perform the speed of different horses, and they have been specially produced for gentlemen, such as generals and officers, and rich men. Examples include Icelandic horses, campers, and cambiolina horses.
Warm-blooded horses: They are horses raised for their speed and agility. They are distinguished by the rate of learning and excitement simultaneously. They are brave and daring. And medium weight, which resulted from crossbreeding warm-blooded horses with cold-blooded horses, so they are distinguished by the elegance of warm-blooded horses and the strength of cold-blooded horses, and they have high energy, which makes these horses suitable for equestrian games,
Dwarf horses: Horses whose back height is less than about 152 cm. When compared to other horses, we find that they are often distinguished by their thicker hair in the neck and tail, as well as their legs, they are shorter, and their bodies are more robust. It is very popular with children and used in leisure and sports activities.
Sports horses: They are specially bred to be used in the Olympic Games, such as racing and hurdle jumping. These horses are distinguished for being warm-blooded horses and their ability to learn; the most famous are purebred and hybrid horses.
Light workhorses: They are docile horses used in light and recreational activities. They are usually of Arab origins, such as quarter horses, thoroughbreds, regular horses, and dwarf horses.
Draft horses: They are horses raised to perform heavy work, including plowing and working in farms and forests.
Driving horses: They are horses used to pull carriages during recreational activities or to participate in chariot races, the most famous of which are the Cleveland Bay horse, the Friesian, and the Hackney horse.
Types of horses according to hair color
A comprehensive definition of horses, their types, and their origins. The horse is known by the scientific name Equus ferus caballus; Horsehair color depends on the kind of genes they carry, the arrangement of dominant and recessive genes, chestnut – reddish brown-black, and black-brown – are the primary colors of horses. Horses are classified according to their color.
•The Kumite bai is a horse whose hair is brown from light to dark.
•The brown striped horse is a brown-haired horse with yellow stripes.
•Caramel horse, whose color ranges from white to light cream.
•Dark gray horse: It is a horse whose hair is yellow or brown and has a dark mane, tail, and backline.
•Horse suede, whose color ranges from cream to gold.
•A gray horse is a horse that is born with black hair that becomes lighter over time. Its hair may contain small white or black areas, or it may contain a mixture of white and dark black, or it may be dark in color and have light gray or white spots with red or pink scars.
•Palomino is a horse with a light chestnut color that resembles golden. It can be distinguished from a dark or caramel horse through the mane and white or very light-colored tail.
•The spotted horse is a horse whose hair is two or three colors.
•The dustiest horse is black or chestnut hair, with sporadic bursts of white hair.
•The white horse is a rare color in horses because they do not have the white gene.
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